The Complete Works of Montesquieu. Electronic Edition. :: Volume I. ::

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Volume I.

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book I.: of laws in general.

book II.: of laws directly derived from the nature of government.

book III.: of the principles of the three kinds of government.

book IV.: that the laws of education ought to be relative to the principles of government.

book V.: that the laws, given by the legislator, ought to be relative to the principle of government.

book VI.: consequences of the principles of different governments with respect to the simplicity of civil and criminal laws, the form of judgements, and the inflicting of punishments.

book VII.: consequences of the different principles of the three governments, with respect to sumptuary laws, luxury, and the condition of women.

book VIII.: of the corruption of the principles of the three governments.

book IX.: of laws, in the relation they bear to a defensive force.

book X.: of laws, in the relation they bear to offensive force.

book XI.: of the laws which establish political liberty, with regard to the constitution.

book XII.: of the laws that form political liberty, as relative to the subject.

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book XIII.: of the relation which the levying of taxes and the greatness of the public revenues have to liberty.

chap. I.: of the public revenues.

chap. II.: that it is bad reasoning to say that the greatness of taxes is good in its own nature.

chap. III.: of taxes in countries where part of the people are villains or bondmen.

chap. IV.: of a republic in the like case.

chap. V.: of a monarchy in the like case.

chap. VI.: of a despotic government in the like case.

chap. VII.: of taxes in countries where villainage is not established.

chap. VIII.: in what manner the deception is preserved.

chap. IX.: of a bad kind of impost.

chap. X.: that the greatness of taxes depends on the nature of the government.

chap. XI.: of confiscations.

chap. XII.: relation between the weight of taxes and liberty.

chap. XIII.: in what government taxes are capable of increase.

chap. XIV.: that the nature of the taxes is relative to the government.

chap. XV.: abuse of liberty.

chap. XVI.: of the conquests of the mahometans.

chap. XVII.: of the augmentation of troops.

chap. XVIII.: of an exemption from taxes.

chap. XIX.: which is most suitable to the prince and to the people, the farming the revenues, or managing them by commission?

chap. XX.: of the farmers of the revenues.

book XIV.: of laws as relative to the nature of the climate.

book XV.: in what manner the laws of civil slavery are relative to the nature of the climate.

book XVI.: how the laws of domestic slavery have a relation to the nature of the climate.

book XVII.: how the laws of political servitude have a relation to the nature of the climate.

book XVIII.: of laws in the relation they bear to the nature of the soil.

book XIX.: of laws, in relation to the principles which form the general spirit, the morals, and customs, of a nation.

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The Complete Works of Montesquieu. Electronic Edition.

Volume I.

Body

BOOK XIII.: OF THE RELATION WHICH THE LEVYING OF TAXES AND THE GREATNESS OF THE PUBLIC REVENUES HAVE TO LIBERTY.

CHAP. IV.: Of a Republic in the like Case.

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CHAP. IV.: Of a Republic in the like Case.

WHEN a republic has reduced a nation to the drudgery of cultivating her lands, she ought never to suffer the free subject to have a power of increasing the tribute of the bondman. This was not permitted at Sparta. Those brave people thought the Helotes Plutarch. ^†472 would be more industrious in cultivating their lands, upon knowing that their servitude was not to increase: they imagined likewise that the

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masters would be better citizens, when they desired no more than what they were accustomed to enjoy.

CHAP. IV.: Of a Republic in the like Case.