Endmatter

Footnotes

¹ [From Astronomical Journal 5.99 (December 1856): 22-24.]

² [From Harvard College Classbook of 1852, pp. 530-533. Harvard University Archives, HUD 252.714.]

³ [From Atlantic Monthly 1.3 (January 1858): 272-279.]

⁴ A fuller discussion of this theory the author reserved for the Royal Society. The London Athenaeum gives a brief abstract of his paper, in its report of the proceedings of the Association.

⁵ [From Runkle's Mathematical Monthly 1.1 (October 1858): 21-24.]

⁶ [From Runkle's Mathematical Monthly 1.2 (November 1858): 53-57.]

⁷ [From Runkle's Mathematical Monthly 1.7 (April 1859): 244-248.]

⁸ [From Runkle's Mathematical Monthly 2.6 (March 1860): 198-204.]

⁹ [From Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 4 (8 May 1860): 432-433.]

¹⁰ [From Runkle's Mathematical Monthly 2.9 (June 1860): 304-319.]

¹¹ [Review of William Chavaunet, A Manual of Spherical and Practical Astronomy. North American Review 98.2 (April 1864): 611-612.]

¹² [From North American Review 100.2 (April 1865): 619-622.]

¹³ [From North American Review 99.2 (October 1865): 592-605.]

¹⁴ The following is the conclusion of the obnoxious passage from Mill: “The state of the whole universe at any instant we believe to be the consequent of its state at the previous instant; insomuch, that one who knew all the agents which exist at the present moment, their collocation in space, and their properties, —in other words, the laws of their agency, — could predict the whole subsequent history of the universe, at least unless some new volition of a power capable of controlling the universe should supervene.”

¹⁵ Archbishop Whately says, in treating of Ambiguous Terms, “By a tendency towards a certain result is sometimes meant, the existence of a cause which, if operating unimpeded, would produce that result.” The tendency, for example, of individual characters in animals and plants to become specific characters by inheritance. “But sometimes, again, a tendency towards a certain result is understood to mean, the existence of such a state of things that the result may be expected to take place.” The tendency, for example, in the opponents of the theory of derivation to misunderstand it.

¹⁶ [From North American Review 101.2 (July 1865): 134-146.]

¹⁷ [From North American Review 101.2 (July 1865): 330-331.]

¹⁸ [From The Nation 1.9 (31 August 1865): pp. 278-281.]

¹⁹ “An Examination of Sir William Hamilton’s Philosophy, and of the principal Philosophical Questions discussed in his writings. By John Stuart Mill.” Boston: William V. Spencer. 1865. 2 vols., pp. 330 and 354.

²⁰ [From North American Review 101.2 (October 1865): 589-597.]

²¹ “The Positive Philosophy of Auguste Comte. By John Stuart Mill.” Boston: William V. Spencer. 1866. 8vo, pp. 182.

²² [From The Nation 2.27 (4 January 1966): 20-21.]

²³ “The Principles of Biology. By Herbert Spencer. Vol. I.” New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1866.

²⁴ [From The Nation 2.55 (8 June 1866): 724-725.]

²⁵ “Essays, Philosophical and Theological. By James Martineau.” Boston: Wm. V. Spencer, 1866.

²⁶ [From The Nation 2.60 (26 June 1866): 804-805.]

²⁷ [From North American Review 103.2 (July 1866): 260-269.]

²⁸ [From North American Review 103.2 (July 1866): 250-260.]

²⁹ [From North American Review 103.2 (July 1866): 241-250.]

³⁰ [From North American Review 103.2 (July 1866):233.]

³¹ “The Origin of the Stars, and the Causes of their Motions and their Light. By Jacob Ennis.” New York: D. Appleton &Co. 1867. 12mo, pp. 385.

³² [From The Nation 4.90 (21 March 1867): 231-232.]

³³ [From North American Review 104.2 (April 1867): 618-626.]

³⁴ “The Reign of Law. By the Duke of Argyll. Fifth Edition.” Alexander Strahan London. 1867. 8vo, pp. 435.

³⁵ [From The Nation 4.102 (13 June 1867): 470.]

³⁶ [Letter to the Editor, signed as "V. X." The Nation 5.116 (19 September 1867): 238.]

³⁷ [From North American Review 106.1 (January 1868): 285-294.]

³⁸ [From The Nation 4.148 (30 April 1868): 355-356.]

³⁹ [Note about Charles S. Peirce's review of A.C. Fraser, The Works of George Berkeley. The Nation 13.335 (30 November 1871): 355-356.]

⁴⁰ [From The Nation 16.412 (22 May 1873): 351.]

⁴¹ [From The Nation 20.505 (4 March 1875): 146-147.]

⁴² [From The Nation 20.508 (24 March 1875): 208.]

⁴³ [From The Nation 20.520 (17 June 1875): 405-407.]

⁴⁴ [From The Nation 20.520 (17 June 1875): 409-410.]

⁴⁵ [From The Nation 21.522 (1 July 1875): 9.]

⁴⁶ [From The Nation 21.524 (15 July 1875): 43-44.]

⁴⁷ ‘The Sexes throughout Nature. By Antoinette Brown Blackwell.’ New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons. 1875.

⁴⁸ [From American Naturalist 10 (June 1876): 326-329. Published by Harvard Botany professor George Goodale.]

⁴⁹ This article was prepared by Mr. Wright several years ago, at Professor Gray's suggestion. In its manuscript form it has been found of much interest and value to the botanical students in Harvard College. It is here reprinted without change from Mr. Wright's notes.