The Complete Works of Montesquieu. Electronic Edition. :: Volume I. ::

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Volume I.

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book I.: of laws in general.

book II.: of laws directly derived from the nature of government.

book III.: of the principles of the three kinds of government.

book IV.: that the laws of education ought to be relative to the principles of government.

book V.: that the laws, given by the legislator, ought to be relative to the principle of government.

book VI.: consequences of the principles of different governments with respect to the simplicity of civil and criminal laws, the form of judgements, and the inflicting of punishments.

book VII.: consequences of the different principles of the three governments, with respect to sumptuary laws, luxury, and the condition of women.

book VIII.: of the corruption of the principles of the three governments.

book IX.: of laws, in the relation they bear to a defensive force.

book X.: of laws, in the relation they bear to offensive force.

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book XI.: of the laws which establish political liberty, with regard to the constitution.

chap. I.: a general idea.

chap. II.: different significations of the word, liberty.

chap. III.: in what liberty consists.

chap. IV.: the same subject continued.

chap. V.: of the end or view of different governments.

chap. VI.: of the constitution of england.

chap. VII.: of the monarchies we are acquainted with.

chap. VIII.: why the ancients had not a clear idea of monarchy.

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chap. IX.: aristotle’s manner of thinking.

chap. X.: what other politicians thought.

chap. XI.: of the kings of the heroic times of greece.

chap. XII.: of the government of the kings of rome, and in what manner the three powers were there distributed.

chap. XIII.: general reflections on the state of rome after the expulsion of its kings.

chap. XIV.: in what manner the distribution of the three powers began to change, after the expulsion of the kings.

chap. XV.: in what manner rome, in the flourishing state of that republic, suddenly lost its liberty.

chap. XVI.: of the legislative power in the roman republic.

chap. XVII.: of the executive power in the same republic.

chap. XVIII.: of the judiciary power in the roman government.

chap. XIX.: of the government of the roman provinces.

chap. XX.: the end of this book.

book XII.: of the laws that form political liberty, as relative to the subject.

book XIII.: of the relation which the levying of taxes and the greatness of the public revenues have to liberty.

book XIV.: of laws as relative to the nature of the climate.

book XV.: in what manner the laws of civil slavery are relative to the nature of the climate.

book XVI.: how the laws of domestic slavery have a relation to the nature of the climate.

book XVII.: how the laws of political servitude have a relation to the nature of the climate.

book XVIII.: of laws in the relation they bear to the nature of the soil.

book XIX.: of laws, in relation to the principles which form the general spirit, the morals, and customs, of a nation.

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The Complete Works of Montesquieu. Electronic Edition.

Volume I.

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BOOK XI.: OF THE LAWS WHICH ESTABLISH POLITICAL LIBERTY, WITH REGARD TO THE CONSTITUTION.

CHAP. IX.: Aristotle’s Manner of thinking.

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CHAP. IX.: Aristotle’s Manner of thinking.

ARISTOTLE is greatly puzzled in treating of monarchy Polit. book 3, chap. 14. ^†319. He makes five species; and he does

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not distinguish them by the form of constitution, but by things merely accidental, as the virtues and vices of the prince; or by things extrinsical, such as tyranny usurped or inherited.

Among the number of monarchies, he ranks the Persian empire and the kingdom of Sparta. But is it not evident that the one was a despotic state and the other a republic?

The ancients, who were strangers to the distribution of the three powers in the government of a single person, could never form a just idea of monarchy.

CHAP. IX.: Aristotle’s Manner of thinking.